What is a Cervical Cap?
The cervical cap is a thimble-shaped latex rubber barrier device intented for female internal use. For best use, spermicide (a gel which kills sperm) should fill approximately 1/3 of the cap. The cap should then be carefully positioned in the vagina covering the cervix (the opening to the womb). The cap works by suction, maintaining the position of the cap as a barrier to prevent sperm from entering the uterus (womb)and prevents fertilization. Caps come in four sizes. The recommended cervical cap size is determined by your physician, at a custom clinic fitting. The cap is considered between 84-91% effective as a contraception device for use with couples who have not yet conceived a child. Among typical couples who use a cervical cap as a birth control method, approximately 16% will experience an accidental pregnancy in the first year. If the cervical cap is used consistently and correctly, about 9% will become pregnant. The cervical cap is 68-74% effective when used for women who have already given birth. More pregnancies occur if the cervical cap is started after a woman has already delivered a child, as often the cervix changes shape after delivery.
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What are the advantages of a Cervical Cap?
- The cervical cap is small and easy to carry. It can be placed in the vagina up to 6 hours before intercourse and should remain at least 6 hours after the last ejaculation and no longer than 48 hours.
- It can remain in place for multiple acts of intercourse within 48 hours, however, spermicidal lubricant should be added if multiple sex acts occur.
- It does not matter how many times you have sex, but it must be kept in place for at least 6-8 hours after the last time you have sex.
- It is discreet-Your partner doesn't even have to know that you are using the device.
- The cervical cap does not affect future fertility.
- The cap is generally not felt by either partner during intercourse.
- In the process of learning how to use the cervical cap, a woman learns a lot about her own anatomy!
- Cervical caps may offer limited protection against some Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), and HIV/AIDS.
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What are the disadvantages of a Cervical Cap?
- The cervical cap can be difficult to insert or remove, and may become dislodged during intercourse. When using the cap with a new partner, it is recommended that the cap's position is checked before and after intercourse as it may shift. If the cap shifts, many clinicians recommend using Emergency Contraception.
- The cervical cap holds back menstrual blood during intercourse, and should not be used during menstration or infection due to the increased risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome.
- There is an increased risk for urinary tract infections associated with the use of the cervical cap.
- The use of a cervical cap requires a doctors visit- as you must be fitted for a cervical cap by a clinician.
- Inserting the cap may interrupt sex.
- Using the cap increases your risk for inflammation of the surface of the cervix.
- A new fitting should occur every 1-2 years. Additionally, a new fitting may be necessary after having a baby, an abortion, miscarriage, or gaining 15 pounds.
- Some women are allergic to latex (rubber).
- Women should not douche or use oil based lubricants while using the cap.
- The cap must be removed within 48 hours of insertion, or patients may significantly increase their risk of a serious, but rare condition named Toxic Shock Syndrome.
- The cap must be cleaned thoroughly with warm water and mild soap after each use. Odor may develop if the cervical cap is left in place too long, if not appropriately cleansed, or if used during bacterial vaginosis infection. If an odor develops on the cap, the cap can be soaked in diluted lemon juice.
- Severe obesity may make it difficult for the patient to place cap correctly.
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Where do I get a Cervical Cap?
Some clinicians, health departments, and family planning clinics will fit you for a cervical cap.
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